Zheng Yi Sao

Pirate Queen of the South China Sea

1775

Shi Yang is born in Guangdong province, China.

1801

Shi Yang marries Zheng Yi and takes the name Zheng Yi Sao.

1802

Zheng Yi's cousin dies and Zheng Yi inherits his pirate fleet.

1805

Zheng Yi and Zheng Yi Sao unite several pirate fleets under a single confederation, comprising of six fleets.

1807

Zheng Yi dies in a storm, Zheng Yi Sao assumes control of the confederation and begins a relationship with Zhang Bao.

1808

The pirate confederation under Zheng Yi Sao raids and plunders the South Chinese coastline. The Qing navy moves to counter her confederation but faces repeated failures.

Early 1809

The Qing navy wins initial success against the pirate confederation but is later defeated, losing half its operational ships. Exploiting this weakness, Zheng Yi Sao commands a six week rampage along the Pearl River, killing approximately 10,000 people.

Late 1809

The Qing petition the Portuguese for aid in defeating the pirate confederation. Portuguese ships trap Zheng Yi Sao and her fleet in Tung Chung Bay and begin a blockade with Qing assistance. The blockade is eventually broken when Zheng Yi Sao turns Qing fireships back on themselves, and escapes in the panic.

1810

The British Empire join in support to capture Zheng Yi Sao. The Red fleet with Zheng Yi Sao enter negotiations for surrender. A settlement is reached with the Qing granting amnesty to Zheng Yi Sao and all of her pirates in exchange for their ships and support countering other pirates. Zheng Yi Sao and Zhang Bao are also permitted to marry.

1822

Zhang Bao dies and Zheng Yi Sao moves to Guangdong. There she establishes a lucrative gambling house.

1844

Zheng Yi Sao dies aged 69 in Guangdong